OEWG3 SUMMIT, ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR ESWATINI

In March 2022, at the fifth session of the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA 5), Member States decided that a science-policy panel should be established to contribute further to the sound management of chemicals and waste and to prevent pollution. At the request of UNEA, UNEP convened an ad hoc open-ended working group (OEWG) to prepare proposals for the science-policy panel. By providing policy-relevant advice, the science-policy panel will support countries in their efforts to take chemicals and pollution action, including the implementation of multilateral environmental agreements and the promotion of the sound management of chemicals and waste. Two sessions of the OEWG took place in 2022 and 2023.

The third session is currently taking place at the International Conference Centre in Geneva (CICG), Switzerland from 17th to 21st June 2024. For African countries like Eswatini, active participation in OEWG 3 is not just beneficial, but essential for sustainable development and public health. OEWG 3 serves as a global forum where scientists, policymakers, and stakeholders converge to discuss, develop and implement evidence-based policies regarding chemicals, waste and pollution. The primary objectives of OEWG 3 includes developing scientific frameworks by creating comprehensive scientific assessments to inform policymakers about the environmental and health impacts of chemicals and waste. Enhancing international cooperation by facilitating international collaboration to tackle transboundary pollution and waste management challenges. Also to promote sustainable practices in the management of chemicals and waste, to reduce pollution and its detrimental effects on health and ecosystems.

Importance for African Countries

Africa faces significant challenges related to chemical pollution and waste management. Improper handling of hazardous chemicals and inadequate waste disposal practices can lead to severe health issues, including respiratory problems and cancers. Dirty air alone is responsible for 6.7 million deaths globally every year, while conservative estimates suggest that in 2019, 5.5 million people died from heart disease linked to lead exposures. Participation in OEWG 3 offers access to critical scientific data and best practices that can help mitigate these health risks.

Despite its small size, Eswatini has a rich natural landscape and supports a high degree of biodiversity. Grassland and savannah ecosystems make up over 90 per cent of the country, allowing for a plethora of different animal and plant species to thrive. But the country’s natural environment is under threat due to gaps in chemicals and waste management programmes. Industrial pollution continues to threaten the Usushwana River, for example, while urban waste and agricultural chemicals pose a serious risk both to the environment and to public health. Active engagement in OEWG 3 allows Eswatini to implement strategies that protect the natural resources. Adopting policies guided by OEWG 3 can ensure the preservation of our environment for future generations.

Furthermore, effective waste management and pollution control can drive economic growth by promoting recycling industries, reducing healthcare costs, and attracting environmentally-conscious investments. Eswatini, which is working towards transitioning to a green economy, can benefit from leveraging the insights and frameworks developed by OEWG 3, that lead to sustainable economic development. OEWG 3 also provides opportunities for capacity building through training, workshops, and knowledge exchange. This is crucial for African countries, many of which lack the technical expertise and infrastructure to manage chemicals and waste effectively. By participating in OEWG 3, we can take advantage of the international support and capacity-building initiatives, enhancing our ability to tackle pollution and waste management challenges.

Recent Developments at the OEWG 3 African Regional Meeting in Ghana

In May 2024, the regional meeting for Africa under OEWG 3 was held in Accra, Ghana. This meeting was a significant milestone, focusing on the specific needs and challenges faced by African countries regarding chemicals, waste, and pollution. The meeting emphasised the importance of regional cooperation among African nations. By working together, countries can share resources, expertise and technologies to address common challenges. For Eswatini, this means gaining access to regional support systems and collaborative projects that can enhance its waste management and pollution control efforts.

The meeting also highlighted the need for increasing public awareness and engagement in environmental issues. Effective communication strategies and educational programmes can empower communities to participate in waste management and pollution control initiatives. This means fostering a culture of environmental responsibility among its citizens, which is crucial for the success of any policy measures.

The OEWG 3 on the Science-Policy Panel for Chemicals, Waste, and Pollution is a critical platform for addressing some of the most pressing environmental challenges of our time. For African countries, active participation in OEWG 3 is crucial for protecting public health, preserving the environment, fostering economic growth, and building capacity. The recent regional meeting in Ghana underscored the importance of regional collaboration, adoption of best practices, public engagement and international support. By engaging with OEWG 3, Eswatini can leverage global knowledge and resources to ensure a sustainable and healthy future for our people and the environment.

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