YOUTH CRIME, UNEMPLOYMENT: HOW GOVT CAN HELP

In recent years, an alarming rise in youth-related crimes has captured the attention of communities across the nation. There are certain communities such as Mbikwakhe and Mbhuleni in Matsapha, some communities in Shiselweni and some in Siphofaneni that have been leading in criminal activities. From petty thefts and drug-related offences to more violent crimes, statistics point to a troubling trend: Unemployment among young people is increasingly linked to criminal activity. With limited access to jobs, education and economic opportunities, many youths are turning to crime as a means of survival, expression of frustration or misguided pursuit of identity and power.

Changing

The connection between unemployment and crime is not new. However, in today’s rapidly changing world—marked by economic uncertainty, technological advancements reducing manual labour and a growing divide between the wealthy and the working class—the situation has worsened. It doesn’t help that so many young people have recently lost their jobs due to the closure of NGOs that had been a source of employment to thousands of emaSwati.

The teenage and early adult years are critical for development. It is during this period that individuals seek purpose, independence and belonging. When economic opportunities are lacking, especially in marginalised neighbourhoods, young people often feel trapped. This sense of hopelessness can lead to poor decisions, making them more susceptible to gang recruitment, drug abuse and other criminal behaviour. Take Mvutshini for example, where I grew up: We were first exposed to ‘bafana bakamdodi’ then ‘emaBenjamin’, then recently ema-26 and ema-28, all gangs in which unemployed and out-of-school youth are easily recruited.

Express

Lack of access to employment means more than just missing a pay check—it also signifies a lack of routine, reduced self-esteem and fewer reasons to stay out of trouble. Many youths express frustration over sending out dozens of job applications without a single response, or being told they lack experience for even entry-level roles. This creates a cycle where inexperience and lack of opportunities feed into each other, leaving young people with limited legal options. Combatting youth crime requires a multifaceted approach, and government plays a vital role in leading the charge. Here are several strategies that could make a significant impact if government were to take the lead:

1. Job creation programmes
    Targeted youth employment programmes are critical. Government should invest in job creation initiatives specifically aimed at young people. This includes offering incentives to companies that hire and train youth, funding community development projects that employ local talent and investing in infrastructure projects that create temporary and permanent jobs.
2. Vocational and skill training
    Not all young people are on the academic path. Trade schools, apprenticeships and technical training programmes offer practical alternatives for those who might not pursue university education. Government-funded skill development centres can equip youth with in-demand skills in fields like IT, construction, hospitality and healthcare.
3. Expanding internship and mentorship opportunities
    By partnering with private companies, NGOs and educational institutions, government can create more internships and mentorship programmes. These not only provide experience, but also guidance and positive role models, which are crucial in steering youth away from crime.
4. Community outreach and youth centres
    Establishing safe spaces for youth to learn, socialise and express themselves is essential. Youth centres offering sports, arts, counselling and job preparation services can reduce idle time and foster a sense of belonging. These centres also serve as platforms for intervention and early detection of at-risk behaviour. I acknowledge and appreciate that many communities do have youth centres, but are they being utilised for the purpose for which they were established?
5. Reforming education systems
    An education system disconnected from the job market fails its students. Curriculum reforms that focus on entrepreneurship, digital literacy and real-world problem-solving can prepare young people for the future economy. Schools should also be equipped with career counselling services to help students explore different paths.
6. Tackling socio-economic inequality
    Long-term crime prevention means addressing the root causes of poverty. This includes affordable housing, access to quality healthcare or mental health services and ensuring that no child is forced to drop out of school due to financial constraints.
Youth crime is not just a policing issue—it is a societal one. While law enforcement plays a role in maintaining order, preventing crime requires addressing the deeper issues that drive young people to break the law in the first place. Government must work in collaboration with families, schools, community organisations and businesses to create a support system for the youth. By focusing on employment and empowerment, we can turn the tide. Every young person deserves a chance at a decent future. Investing in them today means building a safer, more prosperous society for everyone tomorrow.

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