New job market for graduates

With many students graduating this past week and ready to take on the world, seeking out opportunities can be ideal instead of waiting to be employed. The high rate of unemployment in Eswatini, particularly among graduates, has created an urgent need to look beyond the traditional job market. Success now hinges on innovative skills and an entrepreneurial mindset that views local challenges as viable business opportunities.

Graduates are increasingly forced to become job creators, not just job seekers, by leveraging their academic knowledge with technology and local economic strengths.

Agribusiness and value-added processing

The economy has a strong foundation in agriculture, making it a prime sector for graduate innovation. Instead of seeking employment on existing farms, graduates can initiate ventures focused on agro-processing and value addition. This involves transforming raw commodities like maize, fruit or sugar cane into higher-value, marketable products. Examples include:

• Organic food production: Specialising in organic fruits (like berries or avocados) or specialty crops for local tourism and export markets.
• Agro-processing: Creating packaged goods such as dried fruit snacks, vegetable pickles, gourmet sauces or fruit juices, thereby extending shelf life and increasing profit margins.
• Agricultural technology (AgriTech): Developing and offering localised services like drone-based crop monitoring, precision farming consultation or affordable drip irrigation solutions to increase local farm efficiency.

Digital and creative economy services

The rapid growth of digital connectivity, supported by infrastructure like the Royal Science and Technology Park (RSTP), presents huge opportunities for graduates with IT, communication or creative arts degrees.

These fields offer low-startup-cost ventures that can access regional and global clients.

• Social media and content management: Many local businesses, from small craft vendors to larger hotels, need help navigating the digital space. Graduates can start agencies offering professional social media management, photography, videography and graphic design services to boost brand visibility.
• Freelance consulting and remote work: Graduates can register on international platforms to offer their professional skills (e.g., accounting, data analysis, translation or virtual assistance) to companies globally, effectively exporting their services and earning foreign currency.

Skills-based training and tutoring

Graduates can turn their academic expertise into immediate income by addressing skills gaps in the community. This leverages their existing qualifications into a scalable service business.

• Specialised tutoring: Establishing a private academy or online platform for high-demand subjects like Mathematics, Science, or English, especially for examination preparation (e.g., IGCSE, high school exams).
• Professional development Workshops: Running short courses on essential ‘soft skills’ that are often cited as lacking in the job market, such as business communication, financial literacy, project management or basic digital proficiency for older professionals.
• Vocational and technical training: Graduates from technical colleges can set up micro-enterprises to train out-of-school youth in practical trades like carpentry, welding or electrical work, filling the artisan skills gap.

To successfully transition into these opportunities, graduates must proactively utilise the existing support structures, such as the Youth Enterprise Revolving Fund (YERF) for seed capital and programmes like the Eswatini Youth Empowerment Programme (EYEP), which often provide mentorship and business incubation services.